Hard disk repair Topics

Hard disk repair Topics (Lecture)

Hard basic knowledge

Hard drive failure in the study of the specific approach, we need to first understand some of the basics of hard drive related.

MBR master boot record area


Is a magnetic media hard drive external storage devices, each disc in its surface to the shaft axis, to a certain number of magnetic density interval was divided into concentric tracks (Track), each track has been divided into several sectors (Sector), a sector of data stored on the hard disk. The first disk sector (sector 1 0 0) is reserved to the master boot sector. Within the master boot sector has two main elements: the master boot record (the operating system boots) and hard disk partition table. When the computer starts to read the sector data, and to determine its legality (the last two bytes of sector or whether 55AA AA55), such as the implementation of the legal sector is the first jump instruction. So the hard disk master boot record viruses often become the object of attack, and thus has been tampered with or destroyed.
-Issue

Many times there will be some of our computer problems seem incredible, in fact, just frightens ourselves, that is, Bobo thread, Dodo jumper little effort. Common cold sweat you out of hard disk space does not bootstrap There are two main issues:

System does not recognize the hard drive:

The most common type of failure, when prompted to complete the following POST error message:

HDD controller failure Press F1 to Resume

The E text means "hard disk can not start", sometimes with CMOS in the automatic monitoring function can not find the hard drive's existence. When the above information, you should first check with the focus on the hard disk of the power cord, interface cable for damage, loose, bad, reverse and so, in addition to the common reason is that the master-slave jumpers on the hard drive is set wrong .


Inspection, troubleshooting:

Re-plug the hard drive power cable, data cable, or plug the data cable to change IDE port to replace the other tests.

CMOS error caused the failure:

Power displays the following information:

Drive not ready error Insert Boot Diskette in A
Press any key when ready ...

The above error, mostly due to CMOS or CMOS settings wrong CMOS power supply shortage caused by loss of information caused.
CMOS settings right or not directly affect the normal use of the hard disk. When the hard disk type error, read and write errors often occur, and sometimes simply can not boot the system. Such as the CMOS drive type is less than the actual hard disk capacity, the hard drive behind the sector will not be able to read and write.

Inspection, troubleshooting:

Reset or reset the CMOS discharge data.
If not the above two reasons, then most of your hard drive is "hanging", and would like to put it scrapped the easy way out, drive it for a new block. If the hard disk has important data or you want to have strong hands, please Follow me.

Hard disk repair topics (third talk)


Hardware Troubleshooting

Hard failure is physical failure is due to the drive's mechanical parts or electronic components caused by physical damage. Hard drive failure is a common bad sectors, the performance of one of the most serious special case of zero track damage.

Hard disk damage repair:

The logical bad sectors and bad sectors hard disk physical bad sectors into two, the former is a logical failure, usually caused by improper operation or use software, accessible software repair; latter physical failures that produced a track on your hard drive physical damage, can only change or hide the hard drive sector to resolve.


1, logical bad repair

For the logical bad sectors, Windows comes with "ScanDisk (Scandisk)" is the most simple and common means of settlement. If the hard disk has bad sectors, we can run in the Windows system environment "ScanDisk", it will do a full hard disk scan, and the possible bad clusters to do automatic correction.


In addition to Scandisk, there are many excellent third-party repair tools such as Norton Disk Doctor NDD (Norton Disk Doctor) and repair the hard drive PCTOOLS logical bad sectors and so is a good helper.

NDD: choosing the partition to be processed and then select the "Automatically fix errors", click on "Diagnostics" button. After a series of "partition table", "Boot Record", "file structure" and "directory structure" diagnosis and "surface test" later, it automatically gives a statistical report on the diagnosis, so that your hard drive's "health "situation with confidence.


In addition, the hard disk drive manufacturers introduced for the series of factory-specific DiskManager program, more familiar with the circuit structure of the hard disk itself, and curing procedures, and easier to repair disk errors. Therefore suggest that you have to download a copy of your vendor-specific Disk Manager program, more convenient to fix your own hard drive.

2, the physical isolation of bad sectors

Appear on a hard disk can not repair physical bad clusters or bad sectors, we can use some software to separate the disk into a zone and hidden, so that the head is no longer read it, so to some extent can make your hard drive extended service life. Needs to be stressed is that there are bad sectors hard disk to use, we must always do the backup work, because there was a bad hard drive, the more bad sectors will come one after another, you face gone database tears.

The easiest fix this error is a Windows system tool that comes with Fdisk. If there are physical bad hard disk, described earlier by the Scandisk and NDD we can roughly estimate the location of bad sectors, then use Fdisk partition set aside for these bad sectors separately logical partition, all partitions containing the steps to complete before the delete the logical partition bad sectors, and the remaining is not a good plate of bad sectors.

With PartitionMagic, DiskManager other disk software can accomplish this task. Partitioning software such as PartitionMagic, first select the hard disk partition, use the "Operation" menu "check for errors" command scans the disk, calculate the bad clusters on the hard disk location, then in the "Operation" menu, select "Advanced / bad sector re-test "; the bad cluster is divided into several areas where the hard drive, then use the" Operation "menu, select" Advanced / hidden partition "to hidden partition where the bad clusters. This can have serious bad sectors hard disk to ensure the normal use, and remove the system frequently to read and write bad sectors to extend the area of ​​bad sectors.


PowerQuest PartitionMagic Prov7.0 Lite Chinese Version Download: http://miaodou.myetang.com/Down- ... Partitionmagic7.zip.

Need to pay special attention to the repaired hard disk do not re-use the Fdisk under DOS partitioning tools such as its re-partition, so its hard to change the start and the fan, air charge of our efforts.


Zero track damage repair:

In hard use, when the zero track damage found in the general case also sentenced to death hard, difficult to repair. But for hard disk 0 sector damage, although more difficult, but not hopeless. Rational use of some disk software to block out the damaged sector 0, and replace it with a sector are "revived" the possibility of such software and other Pctools and Norton NU.


NU 8.0 tools into the package directory, run the main program NORTON.EXE, then select "Disk Editor Diskedit", after a successful run election, "Object Object", select "partition table" will be the starting sector of the hard disk from the surface 0 column 1 column sector to sector 1 1 0 surface. Also need to say is, change the value according to specific circumstances. Finally, save and exit restart the computer, use the Format command to format the hard disk can be properly used.




Hard disk controller

Hard disk controller is the same interface specification, and other external devices (such as CD-ROM drive) manager, which does the drive and memory and data transfer between the command. Hard disk controller failure or incorrect connection will cause the hard drive does not work.


The CMOS hard drive information

In the computer's CMOS information is also stored in the hard disk, there are hard drive type, capacity, cylinders, heads, and each number of sectors, addressing modes, etc., to illustrate the hard drive parameters, so that the computer correctly access the hard disk.


CMOS power failure or when an error occurs for some reason (usually at startup prompt "CMOS Checksum Error" or similar message), the hard disk settings may be lost or error, disk access will not work correctly. In this case we must re-set hard disk parameters, if the hard disk argument has previously noted that some anti-virus software or a backup of the CMOS information in advance, you can just manually restore; Otherwise, they can use the BIOS setup (Setup) in the " automatically detect the hard disk type "(HD Type Auto Detection) function, usually to get the correct results.

Hard disk repair feature (FOUR)

Software Troubleshooting

Hard soft faults that non-physical failure, such as the master boot record, partition table, boot files are destroyed and the system will not boot, hard disk caused by viral infections can not run, and the illegal operation, improper maintenance, etc.


Damaged master boot record:

Because the virus damage or operational failure, damage to the hard disk master boot record, the drive will not start. After booting the system prompted "Disk boot failure, Insert system disk and press enter", to tell you can not find the boot partition on the hard disk drive or the file does not start, please insert boot disk press "Enter" key. If the BIOS hard drive settings are correct, and can be started from a floppy disk or CD-ROM to find your hard drive, then your machine, but because the Windows boot files or the hard disk master boot sector is damaged nothing.

Hard disk master boot sector is the most sensitive one in parts, one of the primary hard disk partition boot program used to detect and determine the correctness of the active partition, is responsible for handing over to the active partition boot DOS or other operating systems, this damaged section of the program will not boot from the hard drive.

The easiest fix for this failure is to use the DOS Fdisk high version with parameters / mbr run (ie execute "FDISK / MBR" command), directly over (rewritten) hard disk master boot program (fdisk.exe among contains complete hard disk master boot program) code area. As from the DOS era until the current Windows system, the hard disk master boot program has not changed, so long as to find a DOS boot disk to boot system and run this program can be repaired.

In the hard disk master boot sector, there are still a very important part, that is, the last two bytes: 55AA, this is the sector of the effective symbol. When from the hard disk, floppy disk or optical zone starts, will detect two bytes, if you think hard there, otherwise it will not recognize the hard drive.
★ Fixmbr ★


Fixmbr is a DOS application gadgets, only 12KB, designed to re-construct the master boot sector. Run directly Fixmbr, it will check the MBR structure, if the system is not normal, you will find that there is repair tips. If you answered "Yes", it searches the partition. When the search to the appropriate partition, the system will prompt whether to modify the MBR, answer "Yes" will start the automatic repair. If you then crash phenomenon, set the BIOS anti-virus features before making a ban. The default state will search all existing hard drive, and you are done. If the result does not complete, you can use "/ Z" parameters will result emptied after the restart, can be restored to its original state.

Implementation "FIXMBR /?" FIXMBR help information available is as follows:

Usage: FIXMBR [DriveNo] [/ A] [/ D] [/ P] [/ Z] [/ H]

DriveNoHarddiskscope0-3, defaultisalldrive. (Refer to the hard disk number, 0 is the first hard drive)

/ AActiveDOSpartition. (Activated basic DOS partition)

/ PDisplaypartition. (Show DOS partition structure)

/ DDisplayMBR. (Display the contents of master boot record)

/ ZZeroMBR. (Fill in the master boot record zero)

/ HThismessage. (This help)




Hard to be "logical lock" lock:

"Hard logic lock" is a very common means of mischief. In the logical locks, regardless of what device can not boot properly, or even floppy disks, optical drives, hard drives are the same double-hung has no effect.


"Logical lock" locking principle: when the computer will boot DOS system searches all the logical sequence, when DOS is booted, first go to the master boot sector of partition table information, and then look for the logic of the extended partition plate. "Logical lock" to modify the normal master boot record partition, extended partition will be the first logical point to themselves, making the DOS at boot time to find a logical, look for the next logical always find their own, so that to form a loop.


To the "logic lock" unlock easier way is to "hot swap" hard power. That is, when the system starts, the first hard drive is not locked to power, starting after the completion of a hard disk "hot plug" on the power cord, so the system can properly control the hard drive. This is a very dangerous way, in order to reduce the risk, encounter the "logic lock", the best to everyone in accordance with the following two relatively simple and safe manner.
★ UltraEdit ★


First prepare a boot disk, and then in other normal editing tools on the machine to use binary (recommended UltraEdit) to modify the IO.SYS file on the floppy disk (remember to modify the document before the properties to normal), specifically in this Search inside the file first "55AA" string to find the future value can be modified to any other. This modified system with the floppy disk you can successfully locked with the hard drive. But then normal due to the hard disk partition table has been damaged, you can not use "Fdisk" to delete and modify the partition, but this time described below can be used to restore the partition table on the way to deal with.


UltraEdit V9.00b finished version of the download address: http://js.skycn.net/down/cuedit900b_2.exe
Latest version: UltraEdit V9.0c Simplified and Traditional Second Edition ★ DM ★


Because DM is not dependent on the motherboard BIOS to recognize the hard disk tool, even if the hard drive in the motherboard BIOS will set the "NONE", DM can also be identified to partition and format the hard disk and other operations, so we can use the DM software hard to unlock.

First, the DM copying a system disk, connected to the locked hard disk boot, press the "Del" key to enter the BIOS settings, all the IDE interface is set to "NONE" and save and exit, and then use the floppy disk to start the system, that is can be "locked" start, because the system simply means there is no hard drive. Starts to run DM, you will find hard DM can be identified, select the hard disk partition format on it. This method is simple and convenient, but there is a fatal disadvantage is that data on the hard drive more likely than the ^ _ ^.


DM-purpose version of the download address: http://gwbnsh.pchome.net/system/harddisk/dm956cy.rar.

Damaged partition table:

Hard disk partition table error is one of the most serious errors, the partition table will cause data damage or loss of the partition of the confusion, the general can not be restored by hand, the only way is to use the backup data to re-write the partition table back, or from other the same type of situation and the same hard disk partition for the partition table data, otherwise it will result in permanent loss of other data, however, these tools will help us to reduce losses to a minimum.
★ KV3000 ★


In KV3000 main menu, press "F10" key, can the system parameters and disk partition table on a quick test, if the hard disk partition table is not normal, KV3000 will first bad partition table on a floppy disk in case of emergency, then automatically rebuild partition table, so the hard disk back to life. But if only one hard disk partition, and file allocation table (FAT table), table of contents file (ROOT table) serious damage, the data has all gone. So, even with this feature to restore the C drive partition table, the data can not be restored. Then need to meet the other hard drive repair tool to recover data. If the drive still D, E ... ... and several other partition, under normal circumstances, KV3000 can get back behind the partition has not been destroyed, to rebuild a new hard disk partition table, then, DOS system floppy disk and then boot the machine, you can enter the hard drive back several partitions, the data exported, then re-partition the hard disk, formatted.
★ Disk Genius ★


Disk Genius, all Chinese classic hard disk partition table maintenance software, pure Chinese graphical interface, mouse support. As a hard disk partition management tool, which not only create partition, delete partition, active partition functions, but also has other tools can not match advantage:

(1) provide a more flexible partition operation, support partition parameter editing;

(2) provide a powerful partition table reconstruction function, quickly repair damaged partition table;

(3) support FAT/FAT32 partition quick format;

(4) does not destroy data in the case of direct adjustment FAT/FAT32 partition size;

(5) Automatic reconstruction of damaged hard disk master boot record;

(6) To prevent misuse, for the simple partition action, save just before the change in the memory buffer does not affect the hard disk partition table;

(7) to see any hard disk sectors, and can be saved to a file;

(8) can be hidden FAT/FAT32 and NTFS partitions;

(9) and the backup includes the logical partition boot record partition table, including all hard disk partition information;

(10) to provide scanning the hard disk bad block functions, reporting damage to the cylinder.

Disk Genius to most attractions is that it's hard disk partition table recovery, mainly for when the hard disk partition table is damaged, not destroyed by the partition boot record of information re-create the partition table. Go to "Tools" menu, select "Rebuild Partition Table" for hard disk partition, then the system will give "automatic mode or interactively" Normally select "Auto mode", and interactive way that gave each partition a prompt from the user to choose whether to retain. As long as the hard disk is not formatted, generally can recover hard disk partition table, repair must save and exit, restart the system to normal.

★
★ SAMING hard disk Doctors

Dr. Ming is a hard three free Chinese-made whole hard drive after repair tools, the size of only a dozen KB, supports non-standard hard disk parameters hard disk, more powerful than the Disk Genius feature. It can help us repair the master boot record, boot record, FAT partition table and other system areas of data, so can not be accessed by the accidental destruction of the hard disk back to life, in addition to a system and view zone data backup, hard disk analysis and other functions.

SAMING main interface hard disk doctors, including:

"Analysis of hard" to help you analyze disk system area is correct, and shows the results of the analysis;

"Repair disk" to help you repair the hard part of the system zone is incorrect;

"Toolbox" to provide you with some useful gadgets, such as the master boot back up, system boot backup, restore the master boot record, etc.;

"Instructions" to introduce you to the detailed use of this software.
★
★ Duba hard disk fix

Duba hard disk repair program (Kavfix) also made a full free hard disk repair tools, produced by Gold Peak company, to repair the virus destroyed the hard drive, supports FAT32-formatted hard disk partition.


(1) with a clean DOS system disk to boot the machine, use Format a: / s command to format a system disk, then copied to the floppy disk KavFix.exe, then use the system disk to boot the machine.

(2) run Kavfix, menu items shown in Figure 2, the Chinese meaning is as follows:

"0. Fast Fix HardDisk": Fast repair hard disk, quick search on the hard drive redundant information, to restore damaged hard disk by CIH, fast.

"1. Normal Fix HardDisk": repair hard disk, hard disk when the quick search can not find the required information will broaden your search with the speed slower than the 0 function.

"2. Backup Process Sectors": backup will be restored sectors, to prepare for repair failure recovery.

"3. Restore Process Sectors": restore the backup and restore for the first time to do a backup before repair can be hard to return to the initial state.

"4. Backup MBR Sector": Backup master boot record sector, sector master boot record backup to disk.

"5. Restore MBR Sector": restore the backup of master boot record, disk recovery media from the master boot record sector.

"6. Display Hard Disk Partition Table": the hard disk partition information display, display hard disk partition table information.

"7. Destory Hard Disk MBR": clear the master boot record sector mark, when the repair fails, please select the re-repair.

"Q. Quit": exit Kavfix

(3) Select "0" repair disk, prompted to select the physical hard disk:

Please input harddisk (0,1,2, ...):

Please enter the hard disk for repair number (from 0)

Do you want to backup MBR for undo?? Y / N??? T

Data backup tips for repairing the master boot failure recovery, press "Y" to confirm, press "N" to cancel.

DO NOT BACKUP FILE IN DISK

WHICH NEED TO BE FIXED!

Please input MBR Backup file name:

Do not back up data to your hard disk is being repaired! Otherwise it will not be restored!

Prompted for the backup file name:

(Enter the backup file name Enter Note: The backup file is stored in the hard disk is being repaired may cause failure of the repair can not correctly identify the hard disk to find the backup file, so that recovery can not proceed.)


At this point, Kavfix will automatically repair the partition table of your hard disk, and prompts whether to rebuild the C drive:

Do you want to Rebuild the C Drive (Y / N)?

If you want to rebuild the C drive, press the "Y" to confirm, press "N" to cancel.

Do you want to backup sector for undo (Y / N)?

Repair will be prompted to back up modified data for the repair of failed recovery, press "Y" to confirm, press "N" to cancel (due to the large amount of backup data, please for a blank floppy disk to back up data).


(4) Do you want to write Rebuild Partition Table to MBR (Y / N)?

Repaired Kavfix will ask you to write data to the hard disk has been repaired the master boot record, press "Y" to confirm.

Thus Kavfix your hard disk has been repaired, press the "Q" key to exit, restart the machine, you can retrieve your hard drive and data.

If Kavfix repair fails, the function can be 3 to repair the hard drive to restore the state before, you can manually re-repair